必备

If you attribute a particular quality or feature to someone or something, you think that they have got it.

【例句】People were beginning to attributesuperhuman qualities tohim.

人们开始觉得他超人一等。

【常考3】认为（文章、艺术品或评论）出自…：

if a piece of writing, a work of art, or a remark is attributed to someone, people say that they wrote it, created it, or said it

【例1】This, and the remaining frescoes, are not attributed toGiotto.

这个，还有那些残存的湿壁画，都不是乔托的作品。

【例2】A Madonna and Child attributed toPietro Lorenzetti.

被认为出自彼得罗·洛伦泽蒂之手的作品《圣母子》。

【注】该词的名词形式依然保留介词的搭配形式，例如：There's usually a lot of attribution of evil intent to those who have different views. 那些持异议者通常多被认为心怀邪念。

bestow sth on/upon sb 给予；赠与

【释义】给予；赠与；授予；赐予：to bestow something on someone means to give or present it to them 【例】

【例】The Queen has bestoweda knighthood onhim. 女王已经授予他爵士头衔。

【官方真题】Famous among job seekers for its largesse, the company, quite apart from generous salaries, bestowed onits executives annual bonuses and such perquisites as low-interest home mortgages and company cars.

它在找工作的人中因为它的慷慨而知名，这个公司，除了它慷慨的 工资外，还提供每年的分红和一些额外补贴，例如低利息的房屋抵押和公司的小车给它的经理们。

【注】该句中，为倒装句，因为句中的 sth（从 annual 到 cars.）部分过长，所以会出现倒装。此外，句中的 low-interest 为很低的利息的意思。

be bound to 一定会；必然会；

【常考1】（对某事并不确定或无确凿证据时，认为其）肯定会，确定是：

if you say that something is bound to happen or be true, you feel confident and certain of it, although you have no definite knowledge or evidence

【例1】I'll show it to Benjamin. He's bound toknow.

我会把它给本杰明看，他肯定会知道。

【例2】However original they might be, Roman poets were bound tohave some favorite earlier author whom they would emulate. 不管罗马诗人们多么富有原创性，他们所喜爱的早期作者肯定 是他们模仿超越的对象。

【常考2】一定会；必然会；注定会：

if you say that something is bound to happen, you mean that you are sure it will happen, because it is a natural consequence of something that is already known or exists

【例句】If you are topless in a public place, this sort of thing isbound tohappen.

如果你在公共场所裸露上身，这种事情一定会发生。

subject to sth. 使经受；使遭受

【常考1】使经受；使遭受：

if you subject someone to something unpleasant, you make them experience it

【例1】Innocent civilians are being arrested and subjected to inhumane treatment.

无辜的平民正被逮捕并遭受非人的虐待。

【例2】Because the potential hazards pollen grains are subject toas they are transported over long distances are enormous，wind pollinated plants have，in the view above, compensated for the ensuing loss of pollen through happenstance by virtue of producing an amount of pollen that is one to three orders of magnitude greater than the amount produced by species pollinated by insects.

由于花粉粒在长距离的运输过程中面临着潜在的巨大危险，按照上述观点，风媒授粉植物补偿了由随机事件造成的花粉损失，其途径是，制造出大于虫媒授粉植物所产生的花粉量的一至三个数量级的花粉量。

【常考2】受…支配的；服从于…的：

if someone is subject toa particular set of rules or laws, they have to obey those rules or laws

【例】arguing that as a sovereign state it could not be subject toanother country's laws

争论说作为一个主权国家其不受其他国家法律的约束

【常考3】可能受…影响的；易遭受…的：

to be subject tosomething means to be affected by it or to be likely to be affected by it

【例】a disorder in which the person's mood is subject towild swings from mania to depression

患者情绪在狂热和抑郁之间疯狂起伏的紊乱状态

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